Hospital vs Hospice
What do you think that
is the difference between hospital and hospice?
What is hospice care
video
In accordance with the BMJ (British Medical Journal), traditional
medicine distinguishes between sickness that is curable and sickness that is
incurable. A curable sickness is treated in a hospital with curative care;
while an incurable sickness is treated in a hospice with palliative care. For
example, a curable sickness, such as pneumonia, is treated in a hospital with
antibiotics, fluids, and bed rest; while an incurable sickness, such as
metastatic cancer, is treated in a hospice with pain medicine and
tranquilizers, but no anti-cancer drugs. Curative care is designed to fight
sickness, while palliative care is designed to make patients more comfortable.
This distinction between curative care and palliative care is somewhat
misleading, because both rely on pharmaceuticals, and both ignore the
relationship between diet and health. Regardless of whether a sickness is
curable or incurable, physicians must promote health and not simply treat
symptoms with pharmaceuticals.
Exercises on page 26.
Medical vocabulary video
Difference among Illness, disease or sickness.
Illness
The terms illness and sickness are
both generally used as synonyms for disease; however, the
term illness is occasionally used to refer specifically to the
patient's personal experience of his or her disease. In this model, it is
possible for a person to have a disease without being ill (to have an
objectively definable, but asymptomatic, medical condition, such as a
subclinical infection, or to have a clinically apparent physical impairment but
not feel sick or distressed by it), and to be ill without
being diseased (such as when a person perceives a normal
experience as a medical condition, or medicalizes a non-disease situation in
his or her life – for example, a person who feels unwell as a result of
embarrassment, and who interprets those feelings as sickness rather than normal
emotions). Symptoms of illness are often not directly the result of infection,
but a collection of evolved responses – sickness behaviour by the body – that
helps clear infection and promote recovery. Such aspects of illness can include
lethargy, depression, loss of appetite, sleepiness, hyperalgesia, and inability
to concentrate.
1. Source: Kelley KW, Bluthe RM, Dantzer R, Zhou JH,
Shen WH, Johnson RW, Broussard SR (2003). "Cytokine-induced sickness
behavior". Brain Behav Immun. 17 (Suppl
1): S112–18. doi:10.1016/S0889-1591(02)00077-6. PMID 12615196. S2CID 25400611.
Disease
The term disease broadly refers to any
condition that impairs the normal functioning of the body. For this reason,
diseases are associated with the dysfunction of the body's normal homeostatic
processes. Commonly, the term is used to refer specifically to infectious
diseases, which are clinically evident diseases that result from the presence
of pathogenic microbial agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa,
multicellular organisms, and aberrant proteins known as prions. An infection or
colonization that does not and will not produce clinically evident impairment
of normal functioning, such as the presence of the normal bacteria and yeasts
in the gut, or of a passenger virus is not considered a disease. By
contrast, an infection that is asymptomatic during its incubation period, but
expected to produce symptoms later, is usually considered a disease. Non
infectious diseases are all other diseases, including most forms of cancer,
heart disease, and genetic disease
1.- Acquired disease.-
It is one that began
at some point during one's lifetime, as opposed to disease that was already
present at birth, which is congenital disease. Acquired sounds like
it could mean "caught via contagion", but it simply means acquired
sometime after birth. It also sounds like it could imply secondary disease, but
acquired disease can be primary disease.
2.- Acute disease.- It
is one of a short-term
nature; the term sometimes also connotes a fulminant nature
3.-
Chronic condition or chronic disease.- It is one that persists over time, often
characterized as at least six months but may also include illnesses that are
expected to last for the entirety of one's natural life.
4.-
Congenital disorder or congenital disease.- It is one that is present at birth. It is often a genetic disease or disorder and can be inherited. It can also be the result of a vertically
transmitted infection from the mother, such as HIV/AIDS.
5.- Genetic disease.- It
is caused by one or more genetic mutations. It is often inherited,
but some mutations are random and de novo.
6.-
Hereditary or inherited disease.- It is a type of genetic disease caused by
genetic mutations that are hereditary (and can run in families)
7.-
Iatrogenic disease.-
It is one that is caused by medical intervention, whether as a side effect of a
treatment or as an inadvertent outcome.
8.-
Idiopathic disease.- It has
an unknown cause or source. As medical science has advanced, many diseases with
entirely unknown causes have had some aspects of their sources explained and
therefore shed their idiopathic status. For example, when germs were
discovered, it became known that they were a cause of infection, but particular
germs and diseases had not been linked.
9.-
Incurable disease.- A
disease that cannot be cured. Incurable diseases are not necessarily terminal
illnesses, and sometimes a disease's symptoms can be treated sufficiently for
the disease to have little or no impact on quality of life.
10.-
Primary disease.- It
is a disease that is due to a root cause of illness, as
opposed to secondary disease, which is a sequela, or complication that is caused by the
primary disease. For example, a common cold is a primary disease,
where rhinitis is a possible secondary disease,
or sequela. A doctor must determine what primary disease,
a cold or bacterial infection, is causing a patient's secondary rhinitis when deciding whether or not to
prescribe antibiotics.
11.-
Secondary disease.- It
is a disease that is a sequela or complication of a prior, causal disease,
which is referred to as the primary disease or simply the underlying cause (root cause). For example, a bacterial infection can be
primary, wherein a healthy person is exposed to a bacteria and becomes
infected, or it can be secondary to a primary cause, that predisposes the body
to infection.
12.-
Terminal disease.- A
terminal disease is one that is expected to have the inevitable result of
death. Previously, AIDS was a terminal disease; it is now incurable, but can be
managed indefinitely using medications.
Source: "Mental Illness –
Glossary". US National Institute of Mental Health. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
Go to www.menti.com and use the code 5104
1612
What is a terminal illness? video
Chronic disease video
Some symptoms of some illnesses
Page 27
36 smart and intelligent responses to “How are you?” video
Page 27
Present Simple vs Present Continuous or Progressive
Individual online exercise about present simple vs present continuous or progressive
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